Lipid & Protein Metabolism: Important Questions
Q1. (a) What is the role of acetyl CoA carboxylase in fatty acid synthesis? (2)
Q1. (b) Discuss organization of fatty acid synthesis. (2)
Q2. (a) Give four steps for chain lengthening process during fatty acid synthesis. (2)
Q2. (b) What is the fate of free palmitate after its formation? (2)
Q3. Discuss regulation of Cholesterol Biosynthesis in the body. (4)
Q4. How ketone bodies are formed in our body. Discuss diabetic ketoacedosis. (4)
Q5. (a) What is the role of HDL and LDL in heart disease? (2)
Q5. (b) How does insulin regulate lipid metabolism? (2)
Q6. Discuss
(a) Structure, formation, function of chylomicron (2)
(b) Biosynthesis of sphingomyelin (2)
Q7. Write notes on
(a) Trans fatty acids (1)
(b) Slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) (1)
(c) Essential fatty acids (2)
Q8. Write notes on:
(a) Carnitine shuttle (2)
(b) Fatty liver (1)
(c) Brown adipose tissue (Brown fat) (1)
Ans. *Found in newborn and in hibernating animals.
*Stored amount is relatively less compared to white fat, but it is much more metabolically active.
*Brown adipose tissue contains many mitochondria and cytochromes but have low activity of ATP Synthase. The peculiarity in the mitochondria of brown adipose tissue is that the oxidation and phosphorylation are not coupled, hence it produces more heat and less ATP.
*It is an active center for the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids and is responsible for diet-induced thermogenesis.
Q9. (a) Name and explain the lipo-proteins which are important in the lipid profile of a heart patient. (2)
Ans. LDL, Lp (a) and HDL are all important in the lipid profile of a heart patient.
*Plasma LDL is directly correlated with CHD (coronary heart disease).
*Plasma HDL is inversely correlated with CHD.
* Lp (a) or Lipoprotein (a) is structurally homologous to LDL, except that it contains an addition apoprotein called apo-a. Lp-a inhibits plasminogen, hence decreasing the breakdown of clots. Elevated levels of Lp-a (>30mg/dL) increase the risk of heart attacks.
Q9. (b) How fatty acid oxidation is regulated in fed state and starvation (2)
Q10. Discuss the mechanism of activation of fatty acid for its oxidation. (2)
Q11. Describe the mechanism of hormone sensitive lipase (2)
Q12. Discuss HDL cycle. (2)
Q1. (a) What is the role of acetyl CoA carboxylase in fatty acid synthesis? (2)
Q1. (b) Discuss organization of fatty acid synthesis. (2)
Q2. (a) Give four steps for chain lengthening process during fatty acid synthesis. (2)
Q2. (b) What is the fate of free palmitate after its formation? (2)
Q3. Discuss regulation of Cholesterol Biosynthesis in the body. (4)
Q4. How ketone bodies are formed in our body. Discuss diabetic ketoacedosis. (4)
Q5. (a) What is the role of HDL and LDL in heart disease? (2)
Q5. (b) How does insulin regulate lipid metabolism? (2)
Q6. Discuss
(a) Structure, formation, function of chylomicron (2)
(b) Biosynthesis of sphingomyelin (2)
Q7. Write notes on
(a) Trans fatty acids (1)
(b) Slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) (1)
(c) Essential fatty acids (2)
Q8. Write notes on:
(a) Carnitine shuttle (2)
(b) Fatty liver (1)
(c) Brown adipose tissue (Brown fat) (1)
Ans. *Found in newborn and in hibernating animals.
*Stored amount is relatively less compared to white fat, but it is much more metabolically active.
*Brown adipose tissue contains many mitochondria and cytochromes but have low activity of ATP Synthase. The peculiarity in the mitochondria of brown adipose tissue is that the oxidation and phosphorylation are not coupled, hence it produces more heat and less ATP.
*It is an active center for the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids and is responsible for diet-induced thermogenesis.
Q9. (a) Name and explain the lipo-proteins which are important in the lipid profile of a heart patient. (2)
Ans. LDL, Lp (a) and HDL are all important in the lipid profile of a heart patient.
*Plasma LDL is directly correlated with CHD (coronary heart disease).
*Plasma HDL is inversely correlated with CHD.
* Lp (a) or Lipoprotein (a) is structurally homologous to LDL, except that it contains an addition apoprotein called apo-a. Lp-a inhibits plasminogen, hence decreasing the breakdown of clots. Elevated levels of Lp-a (>30mg/dL) increase the risk of heart attacks.
Q9. (b) How fatty acid oxidation is regulated in fed state and starvation (2)
Q10. Discuss the mechanism of activation of fatty acid for its oxidation. (2)
Q11. Describe the mechanism of hormone sensitive lipase (2)
Q12. Discuss HDL cycle. (2)
By these questions you can guess how lipid metabolism is important.Thanks for sharing
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